HIGH PRIESTS
OF ISRAEL
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1. Aaron
(Aharon)
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Brother of Moses.
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2. Eleazar (El'azar)
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Son of Aaron.
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3. Phinehas (Pinchas)
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Son of Eleazar.
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4. Abishua (Abishua)
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Son of Phinehas. Josephus
calls him "Abiezer."
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5. Bukki (Buqqi)
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Son of Abishua.
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6. Uzzi
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Son of Bukki. |
1091-1052
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7. Eli
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A descendant of Ithamar,
son of Aaron.
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c. 1052-1040
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8. Ahitub (Achitub)
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Son of Phinehas, grandson
of Eli.
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c. 1040-1030
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9. Ahijah (Achiyah)
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Son of Ahitub.
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c. 1030-bef 1014
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10. Ahimelech (Achimelech)
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Son of Ahijah. |
bef 1014-971
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11. Abiathar (Ebyatar)
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Son of Ahimelech. High
priest during the reign of David and the early years of Solomon.
In 1 Kings 4:4, Abiathar and Zadok are found acting together as priests
under Solomon, although 1 Kings 2:2-4 describes how he was
deposed at the beginning of Solomon's reign.
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bef 982-bef 960
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12. Zadok I (Tzadoq)
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Son of Ahitub, a
descendant of Eleazar. He served during the time of both David
(2 Sa 20:25) and Solomon (1 Ki 4:4)
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aft 971-bef 960
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13. Ahimaaz (Achima'atz)
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Son of Zadok. His term of
service came to an end before the dedication of the First Temple.
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bef 960 - c. 930
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14. Azariah I (Azaryah)
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Son of Ahimaaz. Served
during Solomon's reign (1 Ki 4:2). Many scholars suggest emending the
text of 1 Chronicles 6:9-10 to make this Azariah the high priest at the
dedication of Solomon's temple.
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c. 930-900
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15. Johanan I (Yochanan)
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Son of Azariah. Also
called "Joash" (Seder Olam Zuta)
or "Ioramos" (Josephus).
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c. 900-870
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16. Azariah II (Azaryah)
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Son of Son of Johanan.
Also called "Joarib" (Seder Olam Zuta,
cf. 1 Ch 9:10) and "Ios" (Josephus).
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c. 870-850
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17. Amariah (Amaryah)
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Son of Azariah II.
Called "Jehoshaphat" in the Seder
Olam Zuta and "Axoramos" by Josephus. Contemporary with King
Jehoshaphat (2 Ch 19:11).
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c. 850-820
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18. Jehoiada (Yehoyada')
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Apparently
non-Zadokite, as his name appears nowhere in the biblical genealogies.
A contemporary of King Ahaziah of Judah (he was married to
his sister) and mentor of King Joash.
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c. 820-800
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19. Meraioth (Merayot)
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Son
of Ahitub, son of Amariah. Called "Pedaiah" in Seder Olam Zuta.
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c. 800-780
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20. Zadok II (Tzadoq)
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Son of Meraioth. Also
called "Zedekiah" (Seder Olam Zuta)
or "Sudaios" (Josephus).
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c. 780-750
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21. Joel (Yo'el)
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Son of Zadok. The high
priests from Joel to Hoshaiah are only
listed in Seder Olam Zuta and
Josephus. He is possibly to be equated with Azariah, a contemporary of
King Uzziah (2 Ch 26:16-21).
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c. 750-735
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22. Jotham (Yotam)
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Son of Joel.
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c. 735-715
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23. Uriah (Uriyah)
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Son of Jotham.
Contemporary with King Ahaz (2 Ki 16:10-16).
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c. 715-700
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24. Neriah (Neriyah)
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Son of Urijah. He is
probably to be equated with Azariah "of the
house of Zadok" who served under Hezekiah (2 Ch 31:9-19).
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c. 700-670
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25. Hoshaiah (Hosha'ya)
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Son of Neriah.
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The high priesthood may have failed
during the fifty-year apostasy of Manasseh.
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c. 670-640
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26. Shallum / Meshullam
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Son of Hoshaiah.
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c. 640-610
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27. Hilkiah (Chilqiyah)
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Son of Shallum.
Contemporary of King Josiah. |
c. 610-595
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28. Azariah IV (Azaryah)
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Son of Hilkiah.
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c. 595-560
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29. Seraiah (Serayah)
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Son of Azariah. Called
"Zeraiah" in Seder Olam Zuta.
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c. 560-525
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30. Jehozadak (Yehotzadaq)
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Son of Seraiah. Exiled to
Babylon, although it is traditionally understood that this occurred
before he ascended to the high priesthood.
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c. 525-490
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31. Joshua (Yeshu'a)
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Son (perhaps grandson?)
of Jehozadak. Contemporary with Zerubbabel.
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c. 490-470
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32. Joiakim (Yoyaqim)
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Son of Joshua.
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c. 470-433
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33. Eliashib (Elyashib)
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Son of Joiakim.
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c. 433-410
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34. Joiada (Yoyada')
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Son of Eliashib. Called
"Ioudas" by Josephus.
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c. 410-371
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35. Johanan II (Yochanan)
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Son of Joiada.
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c. 371-320
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36. Jaddua (Yaddua')
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Son (perhaps grandson?)
of Johanan. Contemporary with Alexander the Great.
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c. 320-280
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37. Onias I (Honiya,
Honio)
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Son of Jaddua.
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c. 280-260
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38. Simon I (Shim'on)
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Son of Onias I. Called
"the Just" (Sir 50:1).
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c. 260-245
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39. Eleazar (El'azar)
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Son of Onias I.
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c. 245-240
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40. Manasseh (Menashe)
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Son of Jaddua.
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c. 240-218
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41. Onias II (Honiya,
Honio)
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Son of Simon I.
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c. 218-185
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42. Simon II (Shim'on)
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Son of Onias II
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c. 185-175
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43. Onias III (Honiya,
Honio)
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Son of Simon II. Murdered
in 170.
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c. 175-172
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44. Jason (Yeshu'a)
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Son of Simon II.
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c. 172-162
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45. Menelaus (Menachem)
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According to 2 Macc 4:23,
he was of the tribe of Benjamin. According to Josephus (Ant. 11.5),
however, he was a brother of Onias III and Jason. It is possible,
however, that Josephus confused Simon the brother of Menelaus with
Simon the father of Onias Jason.
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c. 162-159
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46. Alcimus (Elyaqum)
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Of
the priestly family (1
Macc 7:14).
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It is unknown who was high priest
between the death of Alcimus and the accession of Jonathan.
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153-143
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47. Jonathan Apphus
(Yonatan)
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Son of Mattithias, first
high priest of the Hasmonean dynasty.
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142-134
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48. Simeon Thassi
(Shim'on)
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Son of Mattithias.
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134-104
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49. John Hyrcanus I
(Yochanan)
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Son of Simeon Thassi.
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104-103
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50. Aristobulus I
(Yehudah)
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Son of John Hyrcanus I.
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103-76
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51. Alexander Jannaeus
(Yannai)
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Son of John Hyrcanus.
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76-66
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52. John Hyrcanus II
(Yochanan)
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Son of Alexander Jannaeus.
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66-63
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53. Aristobulus II
(Yehudah)
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Son of Alexander Jannaeus.
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63-40
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54. John Hyrcanus II
(Yochanan)
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Restored.
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40-37
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55. Antigonus (Mattatayah)
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Son of Aristobulus II.
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37-36
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56. Hananeel (Chanan'el)
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Appointed by Herod
the Great.
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36
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57. Aristobulus III
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Last of the Hasmonean
royal house, grandson of Aristobulus II and brother-in-law of Herod the
Great. Appointed by Herod the Great when he was 17 years old.
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36-30
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Hananeel
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Reappointed.
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30-23
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58. Joshua (Yeshu'a)
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Son of Phabet. Appointed
by Herod the Great.
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23-?
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59. Simon (Shim'on)
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Son of Boethus. Appointed
by Herod the Great. |
?-4
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60. Mattathias (Mattityah)
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Son of Theophilus. Appointed
by Herod the Great. |
4
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Joseph (Yosef)
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Son of Ellem. Appointed
by Herod the Great. Served for
one day.
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4
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61. Joazar (Yo'azar)
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Son of Boethus. Appointed
by Herod the Great. |
4-3
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62. Eleazar (El'azar)
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Son of Boethus. Appointed
by Archelaus.
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3 BC - AD 6
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63. Joshua (Yeshu'a)
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Son of Sie. Appointed
by Archelaus. |
6
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Joazar
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Reappointed.
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6-15
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64. Ananus (Anan, Chanan)
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Son of Seth. Appointed by
Qurinius.
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15
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Joazar
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Restored.
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15-16
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65. Ishmael (Yishma'el)
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Son of Phabi. Appointed
by Valorius Gratus.
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16-17
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66. Eleazar (El'azar)
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Son of Ananus.
Appointed by Valorius Gratus. |
17-18
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67. Simon (Shim'on)
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Son of Camithus.
Appointed by Valorius Gratus. |
18-36
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68. Josephus (Yosef)
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Son of Caiaphas,
sometimes called simply "Caiaphas." Appointed by
Valorius Gratus. |
36-37
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69. Jonathan (Yonatan)
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Son of Ananus. Appointed
by Vitellius.
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37-41
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70. Theophilus
(Chasdiyah?)
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Son of Ananus.
Appointed by Vitellius. |
41-43
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71. Simon Cantheras
(Shim'on)
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Son of Boethus. Appointed
by Agrippa.
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43
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72. Mattathias (Mattityah)
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Son of Ananus. Appointed
by Agrippa. |
43-44
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73. Eiloneus
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Son of Cantheras. Appointed
by Agrippa. |
| 44-46 |
74. Joseph (Yosef)
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Son of Cainus. Appointed
by Herod of Chalcis.
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46-52
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75. Ananias (Chananyah)
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Son of Nebedeus. Appointed
by Herod of Chalcis. |
52-56
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Jonathan
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Restored.
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56-62
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76. Ishmael (Yishma'el)
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Son of Phabi. Appointed
by Agrippa II. Is this the
same priest who served in 15-16?
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62-63
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77. Joseph Cabi (Yosef)
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Son of Simon. Appointed
by Agrippa II. |
63
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78. Ananus (Anan, Chanan)
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Son of Ananus. Appointed
by Agrippa II. |
63
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79. Joshua (Yeshu'a)
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Son of Damneus. Appointed
by Agrippa II. |
63-64
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80. Joshua (Yeshu'a)
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Son of Gamaliel. Appointed
by Agrippa II. |
65-66
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81. Mattathias (Mattityah)
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Son of Theophilus. Appointed
by Agrippa II. |
67-70
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82. Phinehas (Pinchas)
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Son of Samuel. Appointed
by the people during the First Jewish Revolt.
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